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The Cost-effectiveness of Welcome to Medicare Visual Acuity Screening and a Possible Alternative Welcome to Medicare Eye Evaluation Among Persons Without Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus [Clinical Sciences]
Rein, D. B., Wittenborn, J. S., Zhang, X., Hoerger, T. J., Zhang, P., Klein, B. E. K., Lee, K. E., Klein, R., Saaddine, J. B. Mon, 09 Jan 2012 12:41:32 -0800
Objective To estimate the cost-effectiveness of visual acuity screening performed in primary care settings and of dilated eye evaluations performed by an eye care professional among new Medicare enrollees with no diagnosed eye disorders. Medicare currently reimburses visual acuity screening for new enrollees during their initial preventive primary care health check, but dilated eye evaluations may be a more cost-effective policy. Design Monte Carlo cost-effectiveness simulation model with a total of 50 000 simulated patients with demographic characteristics matched to persons 65 years of age in the US population. Results Compared with no screening policy, dilated eye evaluations increased quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) by 0.008 (95% credible interval [CrI], 0.005-0.011) and increased costs by $94 (95% CrI, –$35 to $222). A visual acuity screening increased QALYs in less than 95% of the simulations (0.001 [95% CrI, –0.002 to 0.004) and increased total costs by $32 (95% CrI, –$97 to $159) per person. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of a visual acuity screening and an eye examination compared with no screening were $29 000 and $12 000 per QALY gained, respectively. At a willingness-to-pay value of $15 000 or more per QALY gained, a dilated eye evaluation was the policy option most likely to be cost-effective. Conclusions The currently recommended visual acuity screening showed limited efficacy and cost-effectiveness compared with no screening. In contrast, a new policy of reimbursement for Welcome to Medicare dilated eye evaluations was highly cost-effective.
Lack of Thrombospondin 1 and Exacerbation of Choroidal Neovascularization [Laboratory Sciences]
Wang, S., Sorenson, C. M., Sheibani, N. Mon, 09 Jan 2012 12:41:19 -0800
Objectives To assess the impact of thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) deficiency on choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and to determine whether administration of a TSP1 antiangiogenic mimetic peptide attenuates CNV. Methods The impact of TSP1 deficiency on laser-induced CNV was assessed using wild-type (TSP1+/+) and TSP1-deficient (TSP1–/–) mice. Three laser burns were placed in each eye of TSP1+/+ and TSP1–/– mice to induce CNV. Intravitreal injection of the TSP1 mimetic peptide was performed on days 1 and 7 postlaser in the mice. For quantitative measurements of neovascularization, intercellular adhesion molecule 2 staining was performed at 14 days postlaser of the choroidal-sclera flat mounts. The recruitment of macrophages to the sites of damage was investigated by immunohistochemistry. The CNV area was measured by intercellular adhesion molecule 2 staining and use of ImageJ software. Results The TSP1–/– mice exhibited significantly larger areas of neovascularization on choroidal flat mounts compared with TSP1+/+ mice. This was consistent with enhanced recruitment of macrophages in TSP1–/– mice compared with TSP1+/+ mice 3 days postlaser. The development of CNV was significantly attenuated in mice receiving the TSP1 antiangiogenic mimetic peptide compared with those receiving vehicle alone. Conclusions Deficiency of TSP1 contributes to enhanced choroidal neovascularization. This is consistent with the anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic activity of TSP1. The TSP1 antiangiogenic peptide was effective in attenuation of CNV. Clinical Relevance Intravitreal injection of TSP1 antiangiogenic mimetic peptides may provide alternative treatment for CNV.
Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomographic Assessment of Severity of Cystoid Macular Edema in Retinopathy of Prematurity [Clinical Sciences]
Maldonado, R. S., O'Connell, R., Ascher, S. B., Sarin, N., Freedman, S. F., Wallace, D. K., Chiu, S. J., Farsiu, S., Cotten, M., Toth, C. A. Mon, 09 Jan 2012 12:41:08 -0800
Objective To investigate whether the severity of cystoid macular edema (CME) in neonates who were 31 to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age, as viewed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging, predicts the severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) or is related to systemic health. Design Of 62 prematurely born neonates in a prospective institutional review board–approved study, 42 met the following inclusion criteria: at least 1 SD-OCT imaging session prior to 37 weeks' postmenstrual age and prior to ROP laser treatment, if a laser treatment was performed, and an ophthalmic ROP examination at or after 41 weeks' postmenstrual age, evidence of complete retinal vascularization in zone III, or documentation through telephone report of such information after transfer of care. Measures of CME severity, including central foveal thickness, retinal layer thicknesses, and foveal-to-parafoveal thickness ratio in 1 eye per subject, were compared with ROP outcomes: laser treatment, maximum plus disease, and maximum ROP stage. Systemic health factors were also correlated. Results Cystoid macular edema was present in 50% of neonates. Multiple elongated cystoid structures within the inner nuclear layer were most common. The presence of CME was not associated with ROP outcomes. The central foveal thickness, the thickness of the inner retinal layers, and the foveal-to-parafoveal thickness ratio were higher in eyes that required laser treatment or that developed plus disease or ROP stage 3. Cystoid macular edema was not clearly associated with systemic factors. Conclusions Cystoid macular edema is common in premature infants screened for ROP before 37 weeks' postmenstrual age, with the most common SD-OCT phenotype of a bulging fovea from multiple elongated cystoid spaces. Detection of CME is not associated with ROP severity; however, tomographic thickness measurements could potentially predict a higher risk of requiring laser treatment or developing plus disease or ROP stage 3. Systemic health factors are probably not related to the development of CME.
In Vivo Evaluation of Focal Lamina Cribrosa Defects in Glaucoma [Clinical Sciences]
Kiumehr, S., Park, S. C., Dorairaj, S., Teng, C. C., Tello, C., Liebmann, J. M., Ritch, R. Mon, 09 Jan 2012 12:40:54 -0800
Objectives To assess focal lamina cribrosa (LC) defects in glaucoma using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography and to investigate their spatial relationships with neuroretinal rim and visual field loss. Methods Serial horizontal and vertical enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomographic images of the optic nerve head were obtained from healthy subjects and those with glaucoma. Focal LC defects defined as anterior laminar surface irregularity (diameter, >100 µm; depth, >30 µm) that violates the normal smooth curvilinear contour were investigated regarding their configurations and locations. Spatial consistency was evaluated among focal LC defects, neuroretinal rim thinning/notching, and visual field defects. Results Forty-six healthy subjects (92 eyes) and 31 subjects with glaucoma (45 eyes) were included. Ninety-eight focal LC defects representing various patterns and severity of laminar tissue loss were found in 34 eyes with glaucoma vs none in the healthy eyes. Seven of 11 eyes with glaucoma with no visible focal LC defect had a deeply excavated optic disc with poor LC visibility. Eleven focal LC defects presented clinically as an acquired pit of the optic nerve, and the others as neuroretinal rim thinning/notching. Focal LC defects preferably occurred in the inferior/inferotemporal far periphery of the LC including its insertion. Eyes with focal LC defects limited to the inferior half of the optic disc had greater sensitivity loss in the superior visual hemifield and vice versa. Conclusions Mechanisms of LC deformation in glaucoma include focal loss of laminar beams, which may cause an acquired pit of the optic nerve in extreme cases. Focal LC defects occur in tandem with neuroretinal rim and visual field loss.
A Prospective Pilot Study of Treatment Outcomes for Amblyopia Associated With Myopic Anisometropia [Clinical Sciences]
Pang, Y., Allison, C., Frantz, K. A., Block, S., Goodfellow, G. W. Mon, 09 Jan 2012 12:40:41 -0800
Objectives To determine the efficacy of refractive correction alone and patching treatment with near activities on amblyopia associated with myopic anisometropia in children aged 4 to less than 14 years. The associations of visual acuity (VA) improvement with age, degree of anisometropia, patching compliance, presence of strabismus, and presence of eccentric fixation were also investigated. Methods Seventeen amblyopic children were recruited (range of VA in the amblyopic eye, 20/80 to 20/400). Visual acuity was assessed at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks while participants wore spectacles and/or contact lenses for full refractive correction. Patching treatment was initiated at the 16-week visit. The primary outcome was VA after 16 weeks of refractive correction alone and final VA after 16 weeks of patching. Results The mean (SD) baseline VA in the amblyopic eye was 0.96 (0.27) logMAR, which improved to a mean (SD) of 0.84 (0.24) logMAR with refractive correction and to a mean (SD) of 0.71 (0.30) logMAR after the addition of patching (P < .001). Comparing the final VA with the baseline VA, we found that VA improvement averaged 2.59 lines. The final VA in the amblyopic eye was associated with the baseline VA in the amblyopic eye (P < .001), the magnitude of anisometropia (P < .001), and the level of patching compliance (P = .04). The improvement in VA with patching was inversely associated with participants' age (P = .03) and presence of eccentric fixation (P = .02). Conclusion Both refractive correction and patching significantly improved the VA of the amblyopic eye associated with myopic anisometropia, with 88% of participants' eyes improving 2 lines or more. Further improvement in VA was observed when patching plus near activities was added to refractive correction and patients were followed for 16 more weeks. We recommend that clinicians treat myopic anisometropic amblyopia with refractive correction and patching plus near activities.
Comparison of Screening Procedures in Hydroxychloroquine Toxicity [Clinical Sciences]
Marmor, M. F. Thu, 22 Dec 2011 12:35:28 -0800
Objectives To compare different screening procedures for hydroxychloroquine sulfate (Plaquenil) toxicity at different stages of damage. Methods Ten patients were studied using 10-2 automated fields, multifocal electroretinography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and fundus autofluorescence. Results All 10 patients used hydroxychloroquine for more than 6 years, and those with severe toxicity had been overdosed. Fundus examination findings were normal except for the patients with severe toxicity. All the patients showed parafoveal field loss, but this was sometimes subtle. Multifocal electroretinography demonstrated parafoveal weakness in the milder cases. The SD-OCT subfield thickness plots showed a ring of parafoveal thinning in all the patients. The SD-OCT cross-sections showed parafoveal loss of the inner segment–outer segment and cone outer segment tip lines at early stages of toxicity, progressing to parafoveal thinning of the outer nuclear layer and eventually to retinal pigment epithelium damage. There was a ring of autofluorescence in most patients. Conclusions Overdosage with hydroxychloroquine seemed a significant risk factor for toxicity. Different individuals were more or less sensitive to different tests. Fields can be sensitive but only if read with a low threshold for change. Hydroxychloroquine causes early parafoveal loss of the outer segment lines on SD-OCT, with the first changes often evident in the inferotemporal quadrant. Parafoveal thinning of the outer nuclear layer follows, before retinal pigment epithelium damage is visible. Careful screening with multiple tests can dete
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The Cost-effectiveness of Welcome to Medicare Visual Acuity Screening and a Possible Alternative Welcome to Medicare Eye Evaluation Among Persons Without Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus [Clinical Sciences]
Rein, D. B., Wittenborn, J. S., Zhang, X., Hoerger, T. J., Zhang, P., Klein, B. E. K., Lee, K. E., Klein, R., Saaddine, J. B. Mon, 09 Jan 2012 12:41:32 -0800
Objective To estimate the cost-effectiveness of visual acuity screening performed in primary care settings and of dilated eye evaluations performed by an eye care professional among new Medicare enrollees with no diagnosed eye disorders. Medicare currently reimburses visual acuity screening for new enrollees during their initial preventive primary care health check, but dilated eye evaluations may be a more cost-effective policy. Design Monte Carlo cost-effectiveness simulation model with a total of 50 000 simulated patients with demographic characteristics matched to persons 65 years of age in the US population. Results Compared with no screening policy, dilated eye evaluations increased quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) by 0.008 (95% credible interval [CrI], 0.005-0.011) and increased costs by $94 (95% CrI, –$35 to $222). A visual acuity screening increased QALYs in less than 95% of the simulations (0.001 [95% CrI, –0.002 to 0.004) and increased total costs by $32 (95% CrI, –$97 to $159) per person. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of a visual acuity screening and an eye examination compared with no screening were $29 000 and $12 000 per QALY gained, respectively. At a willingness-to-pay value of $15 000 or more per QALY gained, a dilated eye evaluation was the policy option most likely to be cost-effective. Conclusions The currently recommended visual acuity screening showed limited efficacy and cost-effectiveness compared with no screening. In contrast, a new policy of reimbursement for Welcome to Medicare dilated eye evaluations was highly cost-effective.
Lack of Thrombospondin 1 and Exacerbation of Choroidal Neovascularization [Laboratory Sciences]
Wang, S., Sorenson, C. M., Sheibani, N. Mon, 09 Jan 2012 12:41:19 -0800
Objectives To assess the impact of thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) deficiency on choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and to determine whether administration of a TSP1 antiangiogenic mimetic peptide attenuates CNV. Methods The impact of TSP1 deficiency on laser-induced CNV was assessed using wild-type (TSP1+/+) and TSP1-deficient (TSP1–/–) mice. Three laser burns were placed in each eye of TSP1+/+ and TSP1–/– mice to induce CNV. Intravitreal injection of the TSP1 mimetic peptide was performed on days 1 and 7 postlaser in the mice. For quantitative measurements of neovascularization, intercellular adhesion molecule 2 staining was performed at 14 days postlaser of the choroidal-sclera flat mounts. The recruitment of macrophages to the sites of damage was investigated by immunohistochemistry. The CNV area was measured by intercellular adhesion molecule 2 staining and use of ImageJ software. Results The TSP1–/– mice exhibited significantly larger areas of neovascularization on choroidal flat mounts compared with TSP1+/+ mice. This was consistent with enhanced recruitment of macrophages in TSP1–/– mice compared with TSP1+/+ mice 3 days postlaser. The development of CNV was significantly attenuated in mice receiving the TSP1 antiangiogenic mimetic peptide compared with those receiving vehicle alone. Conclusions Deficiency of TSP1 contributes to enhanced choroidal neovascularization. This is consistent with the anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic activity of TSP1. The TSP1 antiangiogenic peptide was effective in attenuation of CNV. Clinical Relevance Intravitreal injection of TSP1 antiangiogenic mimetic peptides may provide alternative treatment for CNV.
Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomographic Assessment of Severity of Cystoid Macular Edema in Retinopathy of Prematurity [Clinical Sciences]
Maldonado, R. S., O'Connell, R., Ascher, S. B., Sarin, N., Freedman, S. F., Wallace, D. K., Chiu, S. J., Farsiu, S., Cotten, M., Toth, C. A. Mon, 09 Jan 2012 12:41:08 -0800
Objective To investigate whether the severity of cystoid macular edema (CME) in neonates who were 31 to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age, as viewed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging, predicts the severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) or is related to systemic health. Design Of 62 prematurely born neonates in a prospective institutional review board–approved study, 42 met the following inclusion criteria: at least 1 SD-OCT imaging session prior to 37 weeks' postmenstrual age and prior to ROP laser treatment, if a laser treatment was performed, and an ophthalmic ROP examination at or after 41 weeks' postmenstrual age, evidence of complete retinal vascularization in zone III, or documentation through telephone report of such information after transfer of care. Measures of CME severity, including central foveal thickness, retinal layer thicknesses, and foveal-to-parafoveal thickness ratio in 1 eye per subject, were compared with ROP outcomes: laser treatment, maximum plus disease, and maximum ROP stage. Systemic health factors were also correlated. Results Cystoid macular edema was present in 50% of neonates. Multiple elongated cystoid structures within the inner nuclear layer were most common. The presence of CME was not associated with ROP outcomes. The central foveal thickness, the thickness of the inner retinal layers, and the foveal-to-parafoveal thickness ratio were higher in eyes that required laser treatment or that developed plus disease or ROP stage 3. Cystoid macular edema was not clearly associated with systemic factors. Conclusions Cystoid macular edema is common in premature infants screened for ROP before 37 weeks' postmenstrual age, with the most common SD-OCT phenotype of a bulging fovea from multiple elongated cystoid spaces. Detection of CME is not associated with ROP severity; however, tomographic thickness measurements could potentially predict a higher risk of requiring laser treatment or developing plus disease or ROP stage 3. Systemic health factors are probably not related to the development of CME.
In Vivo Evaluation of Focal Lamina Cribrosa Defects in Glaucoma [Clinical Sciences]
Kiumehr, S., Park, S. C., Dorairaj, S., Teng, C. C., Tello, C., Liebmann, J. M., Ritch, R. Mon, 09 Jan 2012 12:40:54 -0800
Objectives To assess focal lamina cribrosa (LC) defects in glaucoma using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography and to investigate their spatial relationships with neuroretinal rim and visual field loss. Methods Serial horizontal and vertical enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomographic images of the optic nerve head were obtained from healthy subjects and those with glaucoma. Focal LC defects defined as anterior laminar surface irregularity (diameter, >100 µm; depth, >30 µm) that violates the normal smooth curvilinear contour were investigated regarding their configurations and locations. Spatial consistency was evaluated among focal LC defects, neuroretinal rim thinning/notching, and visual field defects. Results Forty-six healthy subjects (92 eyes) and 31 subjects with glaucoma (45 eyes) were included. Ninety-eight focal LC defects representing various patterns and severity of laminar tissue loss were found in 34 eyes with glaucoma vs none in the healthy eyes. Seven of 11 eyes with glaucoma with no visible focal LC defect had a deeply excavated optic disc with poor LC visibility. Eleven focal LC defects presented clinically as an acquired pit of the optic nerve, and the others as neuroretinal rim thinning/notching. Focal LC defects preferably occurred in the inferior/inferotemporal far periphery of the LC including its insertion. Eyes with focal LC defects limited to the inferior half of the optic disc had greater sensitivity loss in the superior visual hemifield and vice versa. Conclusions Mechanisms of LC deformation in glaucoma include focal loss of laminar beams, which may cause an acquired pit of the optic nerve in extreme cases. Focal LC defects occur in tandem with neuroretinal rim and visual field loss.
A Prospective Pilot Study of Treatment Outcomes for Amblyopia Associated With Myopic Anisometropia [Clinical Sciences]
Pang, Y., Allison, C., Frantz, K. A., Block, S., Goodfellow, G. W. Mon, 09 Jan 2012 12:40:41 -0800
Objectives To determine the efficacy of refractive correction alone and patching treatment with near activities on amblyopia associated with myopic anisometropia in children aged 4 to less than 14 years. The associations of visual acuity (VA) improvement with age, degree of anisometropia, patching compliance, presence of strabismus, and presence of eccentric fixation were also investigated. Methods Seventeen amblyopic children were recruited (range of VA in the amblyopic eye, 20/80 to 20/400). Visual acuity was assessed at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks while participants wore spectacles and/or contact lenses for full refractive correction. Patching treatment was initiated at the 16-week visit. The primary outcome was VA after 16 weeks of refractive correction alone and final VA after 16 weeks of patching. Results The mean (SD) baseline VA in the amblyopic eye was 0.96 (0.27) logMAR, which improved to a mean (SD) of 0.84 (0.24) logMAR with refractive correction and to a mean (SD) of 0.71 (0.30) logMAR after the addition of patching (P < .001). Comparing the final VA with the baseline VA, we found that VA improvement averaged 2.59 lines. The final VA in the amblyopic eye was associated with the baseline VA in the amblyopic eye (P < .001), the magnitude of anisometropia (P < .001), and the level of patching compliance (P = .04). The improvement in VA with patching was inversely associated with participants' age (P = .03) and presence of eccentric fixation (P = .02). Conclusion Both refractive correction and patching significantly improved the VA of the amblyopic eye associated with myopic anisometropia, with 88% of participants' eyes improving 2 lines or more. Further improvement in VA was observed when patching plus near activities was added to refractive correction and patients were followed for 16 more weeks. We recommend that clinicians treat myopic anisometropic amblyopia with refractive correction and patching plus near activities.
Comparison of Screening Procedures in Hydroxychloroquine Toxicity [Clinical Sciences]
Marmor, M. F. Thu, 22 Dec 2011 12:35:28 -0800
Objectives To compare different screening procedures for hydroxychloroquine sulfate (Plaquenil) toxicity at different stages of damage. Methods Ten patients were studied using 10-2 automated fields, multifocal electroretinography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and fundus autofluorescence. Results All 10 patients used hydroxychloroquine for more than 6 years, and those with severe toxicity had been overdosed. Fundus examination findings were normal except for the patients with severe toxicity. All the patients showed parafoveal field loss, but this was sometimes subtle. Multifocal electroretinography demonstrated parafoveal weakness in the milder cases. The SD-OCT subfield thickness plots showed a ring of parafoveal thinning in all the patients. The SD-OCT cross-sections showed parafoveal loss of the inner segment–outer segment and cone outer segment tip lines at early stages of toxicity, progressing to parafoveal thinning of the outer nuclear layer and eventually to retinal pigment epithelium damage. There was a ring of autofluorescence in most patients. Conclusions Overdosage with hydroxychloroquine seemed a significant risk factor for toxicity. Different individuals were more or less sensitive to different tests. Fields can be sensitive but only if read with a low threshold for change. Hydroxychloroquine causes early parafoveal loss of the outer segment lines on SD-OCT, with the first changes often evident in the inferotemporal quadrant. Parafoveal thinning of the outer nuclear layer follows, before retinal pigment epithelium damage is visible. Careful screening with multiple tests can dete
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Anterior Eye: A research-based journal covering all aspects of contact lens theory and practice.Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica: Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica: journal information, contents lists and abstracts on the Blackwell Publishing website.
American Journal of Ophthalmology: Monthly peer reviewed scientific publication for ophthalmologists.
American Orthoptic Journal: The journal serves as a forum for orthoptists and ophthalmologists to present new material in the fields of amblyopia and strabismus. Members of the orthoptic and ophthalmological communities can keep abreast of current clinical practice and research in the field of ocular motility.
Archives of Ophthalmology: Archives of Ophthalmology is a monthly professional medical journal published by the American Medical Association. Archives of Ophthalmology publishes peer-reviewed, original articles on such topics as epidemiology and biostatistics, mechanisms of ophthalmic disease, ophthalmic molecular genetics...
Asian Journal of Ophthalmology: The Asian Journal of OPHTHALMOLOGY is a quarterly publication for the practising ophthalmologist. As new technologies and therapeutic interventions are continually being developed, ophthalmology has become a field of rapid change, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region, where disease patterns an...
BMC Ophthalmology: Open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of eye disorders, and related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology.
British Journal of Ophthalmolgy: Journal of Clinical Pathology, a peer review journal for health professionals and researchers in all areas of clinical and molecular pathology
British Journal of Visual Impairment: For professionals concerned with children/adults with visual impairments.
Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology: Official publication of the Canadian Ophthalmological Society.
CLAO Journal: Official publication of the Contact Lens Association of Ophthalmologists.
Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology: Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology: journal information, contents lists and abstracts on the Blackwell Publishing website.
Community Eye Health Journal: Home page
Contact Lens Spectrum: Explores the preliminary evaluation of prospective contact lens patients.
Core Journals in Ophthalmology: Each issue contains abstracts of selected clinical articles from the 10-14 most important international specialist journals in the field.
Cornea: Deals with cornea and ocular surface disorders.
Current Eye Research: Publishes articles encompassing all the areas of eye research.
Current Opinion in Ophthalmology: Website provides access to full-text content, online-only content, features and services, author submission materials and title-specific information. An LWWonline partner.
Documenta Ophthalmologica: Bringing basic as well as clinical research on visual electrophysiology.
Electronic Journals: Journal listings in the subject of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science from UC Berkley Library.
European Journal of Ophthalmology: Clinical and basic research in ophthalmology. It offers detailed charts and graphs, plus high quality illustrations and photographs.
Evidence-Based Eye Care: Website provides access to full-text content, online-only content, features and services, author submission materials and title-specific information. An LWWonline partner.
Experimental Eye Research: Publish original research papers on all aspects of basic experimental sciences related to the eye.
Eye: Eye is the official journal of the Royal College of Ophthalmologists. It aims to provide the practising ophthalmologist with information on the latest clinical and laboratory-based research.
Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology: Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - Ophthalmology. "Graefe's Archive" is a distinguished international journal that presents original clinical reports and clinically relevant experiment...
Greek Annuals of Ophthalmology: The Hellenic Ophthalmological Society is the official association of ophthalmologists in Greece
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology: Official scientific journal of the All India Ophthalmological Society (AIOS)
International Contact Lens Clinic: Devoted to contact lens practitioners.
International Ophthalmology: International Ophthalmology - Ophthalmology. International Ophthalmology provides the clinician with articles on all the relevant subspecialties of ophthalmology, with a broad international scope. In addition to original research pa...
International Ophthalmology Clinics: Updates and reviews on common eye topics.
Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science: Web site for Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science.
Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology: Journal of the Japanese Ophthalmological Society.
Journal of AAPOS: Presents expert information on children's eye diseases and on strabismus as it impacts all age groups. Official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus.
Journal of Biomedical Optics: Repository for peer-reviewed papers that utilize modern optical technology for improved health care and biomedical research.
Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery: Deals all about updates in cataract and refractive disorders.
Journal of Glaucoma: Discussion of clinical, scientific, and socioeconomic issues for glaucoma specialists.
Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology: Reports on recent developments in diagnosing and treating conditions affecting the oculomotor and visual systems.
Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics: Research on all aspects of drug activity pertaining to preventing or controlling diseases of the eye.
Journal of Ophthalmic Photography: Official publication of the Ophthalmic Photographers' Society.
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus: Bimonthly forum for peer-reviewed information useful to the pediatric ophthalmologist.
Journal of Refractive Surgery: The official bimonthly publication of the International Society of Refractive Surgery.
MedBioWorld: Links to Ophthalmology Journals
Neuro-Ophthalmology: A journal of clinical and fundamental research relating to all aspects of neuro-ophthalmology.
Ocular Immunology and Inflammation: Peer reviewed papers pertaining to basic and clinical research on the ocular inflammatory response and its control by the immune system.
Ocular Surgery News International Edition: The Voice of Ophthalmology - latest news and articles from Ocular Surgery News; Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging; Journal of Refractive Surgery; and Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
Ophthalmic Epidemiology: The official publication of the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology.
Ophthalmic Genetics: The official publication of the International Society for Genetic Eye Disease, the European Paediatric Ophthalmology Society and the Ophthalmic Genetics Study Club.
Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: Website provides access to full-text content, online-only content, features and services, author submission materials and title-specific information. An LWWonline partner.
Ophthalmic Research: Features original papers and reviews reporting basic and clinical experimental studies.
Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging: Deals with aspects of ophthalmic surgery, laser technology, ocular imaging and treatment.
Ophthalmologica: Guide to international work in clinical and experimental ophthalmology.
Ophthalmology: Journal of the American Academy of Ophthalmology.
Ophthalmology Clinics of North America: Presents newest advances and a sound basis for choosing treatment options. Each issue focuses on a single topic presented under the direction of an experienced guest editor.
Ophthalmology Management: Publication designed to give practicing ophthalmologists the business savvy they need in the areas of finance, contract negotiation and practice management. A monthly advisor guiding MDs and practice administrators toward a more successful practice.
Ophthalmology Review Journal: Five years of the journal arranged by subject.
Ophthalmology Times: Physician-driven publication that disseminates news and information of a clinical, socioeconomic, and political nature.
Orbit: The international journal on orbital disorders, oculoplastic and lacrimal surgery.
Primary Care Optometry News: Full text articles and online seminar with special forum.
Progress in Retinal and Eye Research: Covers all basic and clinical aspects of the eye research.
Retina: Resource for the dissemination of information to retinal and vitreous specialists.
Review of Ophthalmology: Monthly journal publishes review articles about eye disease.
Seminars in Ophthalmology: Offers current, clinically oriented reviews on the diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmic disorders. Each issue focuses on a single topic, with a primary emphasis on appropriate surgical techniques.
Strabismus: Publishes articles related to squint and related disorders.
Survey of Ophthalmology: Surveying major reviews on essential topics and historical articles.
Video Journal of Ophthalmology: Published quarterly and contains video articles on various subjects affecting the clinical, surgical practice of the ophthalmologist.
Vision Research: An international journal for functional aspects of vision.
Visual Impairment Research: The official publication of the International Society for Low-vision Research and Rehabilitation.
This directory is based on the Open Directory and may have been modified